阅读理解 Self

阅读理解

　　Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation(基础) of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract(合同) relationship with one or more hospitals in the community(社区). They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state, or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal(联邦) government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit(非赢利) groups.

　　Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations(公司) to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.

　　Physicians are among the best paid professionals(职业) in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $100, 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons(外科医生), might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve(值得) to be so well paid for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would-be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $20, 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective(未来的；预科的) physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition(学费)alone can exceed(go beyond)$10, 000 a year. By the time they have obtained(got) their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice(学徒的) physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.

　　Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining(维持) an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies(急症).

　　Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility(责任). Many medical procedures, even quite routine(日常性的)ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well paid for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

1．According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by ________.

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2．The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on ________.

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A．schooling and retraining

B．practice in a hospital

C．facilities he or she uses

D．education he or she receives

3．According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?

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A．About seven yeas.

B．Eight years.

C．Ten yeas.

D．About twelve years.

4．Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because ________.

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A．there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them

B．they can take rums to work long hours

C．facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder

D．no one wants to assume too much responsibility

5．Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians' payment in the USA?

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A．For their expensive education and their responsiblility, they deserve a handsome pay.

B．It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.

C．Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.

D．Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.